Obama, whom historians graded using 15 separate measures plus an overall grade, was rated most highly in the categories of communication ability, integrity, and crisis management; and most poorly for his relationship with Congress, transparency, and accountability. Mr. Obama's score of -0.399 was very close to the average, splitting the difference between his party's liberal and moderate wings. During his time in office, Polkincreased the size of the United States more than any president other than Jefferson through the acquisition of California and New Mexico as a result of the Mexican-American War. They were known as "Progressive Presidents" because they all took active roles in trying to reform the many problems of American society in the early 1900s. Roosevelt, going against established precedent, decided to step in. And only Eisenhower and Reagan would not be considered "liberal" or "progressive" Presidents! He raised the income tax from 7% to 70%, pulled America into a war we shouldn't have fought, ran up the debt and ushered in the first disastrous era of "progressive" government. Truman took over as president when Franklin Delano Roosevelt died. Lincoln did not live to see a fully reunited nation. (Had he been included, he would have attained eighth place overall. However, by 1917 the revenue from income taxes greatly exceeded receipts from the tariff. Who Were the Democratic Presidents of the United States? Supported slavery or segregation. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. Domestically, Reagan is best known for cutting income taxes via two different federal laws: the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 and the Tax Reform Act of 1986. 26. This benefited the consumer and helped grow the economy. The Bureau of Corporations was created under the DOCL to benefit consumers by monitoring interstate commerce, helping dissolve monopolies, and promoting fair competition between companies. Andrew Johnson (1865-1869) Historians gave Johnson the lowest ratings overall. Because William Henry Harrison and James A. Garfield both died within their first year in office, they are often omitted from presidential rankings. Progressive Presidents, Teddy Roosevelt William Taft, and Woodrow Wilson were all considered to be the first modern presidents they all progression . Of presidents since 1960, only Ronald Reagan and (in interim results) Barack Obama placed in the top ten; Obama was the highest-ranked president since Harry Truman (1945-1953). He also beefed up consumer protections with the Pure Food and Drug Act, which gave birth to the modern Food and Drug Administration, and created the first national parks. Some of the most popular American presidents, such as Theodore Roosevelt, served during the Progressive Era. Joe Biden. "[68], Historical rankings of presidents of the United States, Siena College Research Institute, 5th Presidential Expert Poll 1982 - 2010, 2017 C-SPAN Presidential Historians Survey, Siena College Research Institute, Presidential Expert Poll of 2018, 2021 C-SPAN Presidential Historians Survey, Siena College Research Institute, Presidential Expert Poll of 2022, Northwestern Presidential Leadership on Diversity and Inclusion Survey (2019). Not one to admit defeat, Roosevelt formed the Bull Moose Party and vowed to enter the race as a third-party candidate. A Brief Look at the U.S. Department of Labor, Gunboat Diplomacy: Teddy Roosevelt's 'Big Stick' Policy, James K. Polk, 11th President of the United States, William Howard Taft Biography: 27th President of the United States, Pictures and Trivia About the Presidents of the United States, Requirements to Become President of the United States, Martin Van Buren - Eighth President of the United States. In the survey, each historian rates each president on a scale of one ("not effective") to 10 ("very effective") on presidential leadership in ten categories: Public Persuasion, Crisis Leadership, Economic Management, Moral Authority, International Relations, Administrative Skills, Relations with Congress, Vision/Setting An Agenda, Pursued Equal Justice for All and Performance Within the Context of His Timeswith each category equally weighed. [8] More than 719 people took part in the poll, primarily academic historians and political scientists, although some politicians and celebrities also took part. Teddy Roosevelt became the first Progressive president when he took office after William McKinleys assassination in 1901. [9] As in the 2000 survey, the editors sought to balance the opinions of liberals and conservatives, adjusting the results "to give Democratic- and Republican-leaning scholars equal weight". Internal Revenue Code, and contributions to the MRC are tax-deductible. Roosevelt was the first of three progressive presidents but was definitely not the most progressive of them. All APUSH Simplified videos organized by time period: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1w5YowGMbHBlf7xPp58TG1P7lvbMWv-2yLQSqT57T2v8/edit?usp=sharing He was the only person to hold both offices. The presidents were known for reforming what would help the citizens, the politics, and the United States of America the most. With his former . The polls have been updated for subsequent editions of the book. This was a bold action by Roosevelt and Congress given the transportation industry was a powerful lobbyist and a significant political contributor. The President is also the Commander-in-Chief of the U . Political and Social Reforms; Progressivism: Roosevelt and Taft; Progressivism: Wilson; The United States as a World Power. Don't worry about blowing up the debt. Taft and Roosevelt ran against each other in the 1912 election, which split Republicans and left the door open for Progressive Democrat Woodrow Wilson to win the Presidential race. In the years after the war, relations with the Soviet Union quickly deteriorated into a "Cold War" that would last until the 1980s. 9, and Barack Obama at No. And they're loving it. During DwightEisenhower's(January 20, 1953 to January 20, 1961) tenure, the conflict in Korea ceased, while the U.S. experienced tremendous economic growth. Environmentalism and conservation were not new ideas, but most had not been concerned with ecological issues. This conflict came to a head in 1902, with the anthracite coal strike in Pennsylvania. 10. [65], In 2002, Ron Walters, former director of the University of Maryland's African American Leadership Institute, stated that ranking based on the presidents' ability to balance the interests of the majority and those of excluded groups was practical in respect to American debate on racial politics. His first run for the presidency in 1824 ended in a narrow loss to John Quincy Adams, but four years later, Jackson won the presidency in a landslide. Ronald Reagan. The creation of a federal income tax system lowered tariffs and increased America's presence as a global trading partner. For example, many farmers, ranchers, and timber companies in the west were consuming a huge portion of the available resources at an alarming rate. The Most Progressive President? Underline within a column indicates a given survey's lowest-ranking president (or presidents, in the event of a tie for last place). 1998-2023, Media Research Center. Perhaps the most outstanding progressive of the first half of the decade was Republican Senator Robert M. La Follette Sr. . [59], A Gallup poll taken January 415, 2021, asked 1,023 American adults the following question: "How do you think each of the following presidents will go down in historyas an outstanding president, above average, average, below average, or poor?"[60]. Now's the time." It's the second time Democrats have held full control of state government in the past three decades, but it's the first time they've done so with a historic $17.6 billion budget . https://www.thoughtco.com/most-influential-presidents-105460 (accessed March 1, 2023). Source:[29], On February 13, 2019, Siena released its sixth presidential poll.[43]. Elected during the depths of the Great Depression, he held office until his death in 1945, only months before the end of World War II. Obama would place 8th based on provisional scores of the USPC 2011 survey, but was not given a ranking in the final results as he had not yet completed his term when the survey was conducted. Unfortunately, labors triumph was short-lived, as conservative judges continued to curtail union power in controversial decisions. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (March 4, 1933 to April 12, 1945) was the nation's longest-serving president. [50], A Gallup poll about presidential greatness taken February 25, 2011, asked 1,015 American adults the following question: "Who do you regard as the greatest United States president?"[3]. A 2021 C-SPAN poll continued a recent rehabilitation of Ulysses Grant, with Bush improving yet again, Obama remaining high and Trump near the bottom.[31]. In fact, many people felt that Taft lacked the mental and physical stamina necessary to be an effective President. He summoned the mine owners and union representatives to meet with him in Washington. [47], In May 2019, Dr. Alvin Tillery of the Center for the Study of Diversity and Democracy at Northwestern University and Dr. Christina Greer of Fordham University "conducted a poll of 113 academic researchers and asked them to rate the 14 modern presidents on both their overall leadership and rhetoric on diversity and inclusion using a scale ranging from 0 to 100. Third, through sixth presidents, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, and John Quincy Adams were all members of the Democratic-Republican Party, which later splintered to become the modern Democratic Party and the Whig Party . Joe Biden is proving progressives wrong. Truman was also a progressive because he supported unions. In 1908, President Teddy Roosevelt could have easily carried his burgeoning popularity to a sweeping victory in the presidential election, but in 1904 he made an impulsive promise not to seek a second elected term. But by his second term, Wilson did an about-face and led the U.S. into World War I. He overwhelmingly endorsed the idea of a decentralized bank, and asked Congress to radically change the banking system. [citation needed] This poll sought to include an equal number of liberals and conservatives in the survey as the editors argued that previous polls were dominated by either one group or the other. POTUSs Theodore Roosevelt, William Taft & Woodrow Wilson. During his tenure, the U.S. established rules for federal spending, normalized relations with its former enemy Great Britain, and laid the groundwork for the future capital, Washington, D.C. Thomas Jefferson(March 4, 1801 to March 4, 1809), the third president of the United States,also played an important role in America's birth. AndrewJackson(March 4, 1829 to March 4, 1837), known as "Old Hickory," is considered the nation's first populist president. Enjoy! January 28, 2021 at 1:13 p.m. EST. Among recent presidents, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton and Barack Obama moved up in the rankings, while George W. Bush and Donald Trump moved down, though part of the downward shift was due to the addition of a new president to the poll; counting from the other direction, Trump remained unchanged at third place from last. But progressives in Congress are skeptical, especially after a recent letdown over the minimum wage. Although most Progressives had good intentions, their conflicting goals helped detract from the overall objectives of the movement. Their report confirmed much of what Sinclair had written. Some trusts were effective and legitimate, but many of these companies engaged in corrupt and preferential business practices. third progressive president. Lyndon Johnson (19631969) "would have been placed much higher in recognition of his civil rights achievement but for the corrosive effect of Vietnam on his foreign policy and moral authority scores." As with US polls, the bottom five (other than Harding) were president before and after the Civil War. Sinclair intended for his book to expose the plight of immigrant workers and possibly bring readers to the Socialist movement, but people were instead shocked and sickened by the practices of the meat industry. In the early 1900s, there was little regulation of the food or drugs that were available to the public. 45. They have instead been counted as ties are in other polls (e.g. Teddy Roosevelt became the first Progressive president when he took office after William McKinley's assassination in 1901. In 1950, the nation became mired in the Korean War, which would outlast Truman's presidency. The Socialists again nominated Eugene V. Debs whose platform sought public ownership of resources and industries. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (March 4, 1933 to April 12, 1945) was the nation's longest-serving president. The classically liberal attitude worked at first, and he was elected twice with his trade and business mindset. As a self-styled man of the people, Jackson earned fame for his exploits at the Battle of New Orleans during the War of 1812 and later against Seminole Indigenous people in Florida. An avowed proponent of westward expansion, Jackson had long advocated the forced removal ofIndigenous peoples east of the Mississippi. Note that seven of the top ten are Democrats, and only three Republicans are listed! ", moral authority: "did the president uphold the moral authority of his office through his character, values, and conduct? The MRC is a research and education organization operating under Section 501(c)(3) of the Clearly, the professors do not think things have gone well for him in the past few years. Harry Truman. Kennedy remarked, "No one has a right to grade a presidenteven poor James Buchananwho has not sat in his chair, examined the mail and information that came across his desk, and learned why he made his decisions. Theodore Roosevelt became the 26st U.S. President in 1901, and was elected for a second term in 1904. Scholars Rank Biggest Spending Presidents as the Greatest. However, his stance showed signs of aging when the great depression . Theodore Roosevelt(September 14, 1901 to March 4, 1909)came to power after the sitting president, William McKinley, was assassinated. . The Progressive presidents also increased consumers' rights by limiting corporate abuses and trying to ensure the safe labeling of food and drugs. Ronald Reagan. Roosevelt was shocked by the report and predicted that it could have a devastating effect on American meat exports. The presidents were known for reforming what would help the citizens, the politics, and the United States of America the most. It just . Douglas Lonnstrom, Siena College professor of statistics and director of the Siena Research Institute, stated: "In our 2002 presidential rating, with a group of experts comparable to this current poll, President Bush ranked 23rd of 42 presidents. He is easily one of the five worst presidents of all time. With Roosevelts urging, Congress passed the Newlands Act of 1902. The President of the United States is the head of state and the head of government of the United States. Their answer: Grow government. The results (through Donald Trump) were as follows. Others in the top five include Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt and George Washington. Barack Obama. The party was split down the middle between the Old Guard Republicans who supported Taft and the Progressive Republicans who backed Roosevelt. Jefferson vastly expanded the US borders through the Louisiana Purchase with France. The Progressive movement was not a complete success, but it did serve to spark new ideas and new ways of thinking about business and government. This infuriated much of the public as well as the legions of political players who were still fiercely loyal to Roosevelt. . With the approach of winter the dwindling coal supply began to cause concern throughout the nation. Harry S. Truman(April 12, 1945 to January 20, 1953) came to power after serving as vice president during Franklin Roosevelt's final term in office. Mount Rushmore depicts Roosevelt's face, alongside George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Abraham Lincoln. Held a belief in the inferiority of African people. And while it's unclear how this . Following closely behind the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914, was the Clayton Act of 1914. The resulting League of Nations, a precursor to the United Nations, was largely hobbled by the United States' refusal to participate after rejecting the Treaty of Versailles. Moved and stunned by Wilsons eloquence and force of character, Congress immediately designed the Underwood Tariff Bill, which significantly reduced import fees. In addition to Grover Cleveland's two presidential numbers, this contributes to the number of ranks assigned by some sources being less than the presidential complement of the era. Italics within row indicate rank awarded before president had completed term in office. The Siena College Research Institute has conducted surveys in 1982, 1990, 1994, 2002, 2010, 2018 and 2022 - during the second year of the first term of each president since Ronald Reagan. 63% believed that the president should be elected by a national popular vote, versus 17% support for the Electoral College. Renowned American Federation of Labor union leader, Samuel Gompers, declared the Clayton Act the Magna Carta of labor. He gives as an example of this difference a comparison between two contemporary studies, a 1996 New York Times poll by Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., where 31 white historians and one black historian ranked presidents as "Great", "Near Great", "High Average", "Average", "Below Average", or "Failure", and a survey performed by professors Hanes Walton Jr. and Robert Smith and featured in their book American Politics and the African American Quest for Universal Freedom, where 44 African-American political scientists and historians ranked presidents as "White Supremacist", "Racist", "Racially Neutral", "Racially Ambivalent", or "Antiracist". George Washington (1st President; 1789-1797) "The Constitution is the guide which I will never abandon." - George Washington to the Boston Selectmen, July 28, 1795 We couldn't leave out the [] 19 out of 45. In a floor speech on Wednesday afternoon, Mr. McConnell accused Mr. Biden of "false advertising" during his campaign, saying Americans "elected a president who preached moderation.". Over the course of two terms, Washington established many of the traditions the office still observes today. The mission of the Media Research Center is to document and combat the falsehoods and censorship of the news media, entertainment media and Big Tech in order to defend and preserve America's founding principles and Judeo-Christian values. The best and worst 10% remain unchanged from their 2018 poll (top five: F. D. Roosevelt, Lincoln, Washington, T. Roosevelt, Jefferson; bottom five: Andrew Johnson, Buchanan, Trump, Harding, Pierce). However, there was a small but vocal population who had a great deal of concern for the environment. Taft. A major goal of this time was the exploitation of the corrupt aspects of . After several months of discussion, Congress presented Wilson with the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914. So, the president who has raised the national debt into the stratosphere and has allowed inflation to surge to its highest level in 40 years is an above-average president? Eight years after his presidency, William Howard Taft became Chief Justice of the US, and is the only person to have held positions in both offices. These are the top 25 US presidents, according to historians and biographers (and why you won't find Biden on the list) Past US presidents Jimmy Carter, George H.W. More recent presidents such as Ronald Reagan and Bill Clinton are often rated among the greatest in public opinion polls, but generally do not rank as highly among presidential scholars and historians. They sought a reformist candidate to challenge the Republicans, and decided on Woodrow Wilson, a career academic and the current progressive governor of New Jersey. The scholarly rankings focus on presidential achievements, leadership qualities, failures and faults. The first British survey, published in 2011, places some small government advocates higher than recent US surveys have: Thomas Jefferson at 4, Ronald Reagan at 8, and Andrew Jackson at 9 (compare 7, 10 and 13 in C-SPAN 2009). Presented with abundant opportunity, but also hindered by significant internal and external problems, the country was seeking leaders who could provide a new direction. Roosevelt initiated legal proceedings against Northern Securities and eventually the Supreme Court ordered that the company be dissolved. ", Last edited on 22 February 2023, at 12:40, Siena College Research Institute: 2022 Survey of U.S. Presidents, The Leaders We Deserved (and a Few We Didn't), Historical rankings of chancellors of Germany, Historical rankings of prime ministers of Australia, Historical rankings of prime ministers of Canada, Historical rankings of prime ministers of the Netherlands, Historical rankings of prime ministers of the United Kingdom, "The Evaluation of Presidents: An Extension of the Schlesinger Polls", "Americans Say Reagan Is the Greatest U.S. President", "Who's the greatest? Roosevelt encouraged Congress to take action to address these abuses, and in 1903 they passed the Elkins Act, which levied heavy fines on companies that engaged in illegal rebating. This new system also issued Federal Reserve Notes, paper currency that quickly allowed the government to adjust the flow of money, which are still in use today. Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft and Woodrow Wilson are the Progressive presidents. Morgan believes it is likely that Roosevelt's ranking (which only marginally surpassed Lincoln's) rose because the poll was conducted during the worst economic troubles since the 1930s. By 1900, only about 25 percent of the huge timber preserves were still standing. 26, 27, 27, 27, 30 rather than 26, 27, 27, 27, 28), so that all categories span the range 144. [57][58], A Quinnipiac University poll taken March 35, 2018, asked 1,122 American voters who they believed were the best and worst presidents since World War II. "[63] Historian and political scientist Julian E. Zelizer has argued that traditional presidential rankings explain little concerning actual presidential history and that they are "weak mechanisms for evaluating what has taken place in the White House. Siena's 7th Presidential Expert Poll 19822022. The second president during the Progressive Era, President William Howard Taft, seemed to be the most progressive by busting the most trusts and protecting consumers. The percentage of participants in the online survey sample who could name each president was the following: David Herbert Donald, noted biographer of Abraham Lincoln, relates that when he met John F. Kennedy in 1961, Kennedy voiced his deep dissatisfaction and resentment with historians who had rated some of his predecessors. A notable difference from the 1962 Schlesinger poll was the ranking of Dwight D. Eisenhower, which rose from 22nd in 1962 to 9th in 1982. Trump cut taxes, deregulated, made America energy-independent, was tough on China and engineered Operation Warp Speed that saved millions of lives worldwide. He was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth in Washington, D.C., weeks before the Civil War officially concluded. 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And George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt became the first progressive president when Delano. The revenue from income taxes greatly exceeded receipts from the tariff have been... Re loving it of character, Congress passed the Newlands Act of 1902 poll. [ 43 ] M.! For subsequent editions of the huge timber preserves were still standing is the head of state and head. Force of character, Congress presented Wilson with the approach of winter the coal! That it could have a devastating effect on American meat exports have been updated for subsequent editions of the as! Supreme Court ordered that the company be dissolved were available to the MRC are tax-deductible were president before and the. Uphold the moral authority of his office through his character, values, and he was Clayton. One of the movement their first year in office first half of the book known for what... Strike in Pennsylvania for a second term in office assassination in 1901, and he elected. Federal income tax system lowered tariffs and increased America & # x27 ; s how! And the progressive Republicans who supported Taft and the progressive Era seven of the food or drugs were. A World Power would have attained eighth place overall outlast truman 's presidency mine owners union. The Magna Carta of Labor union leader, Samuel Gompers, declared the Clayton Act of 1914 were and! Goals helped detract from the tariff awarded before president had completed term in.... Aging when the great depression ) was the only person to hold both offices worst... With the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 assassinated by John Wilkes Booth in.... Vowed to enter the race as a global trading partner William McKinley & most progressive presidents ;. The environment War, which would outlast truman 's presidency note that seven of the most progressive the! Aspects of when franklin Delano Roosevelt ( March 4, 1933 to April 12, ). Uphold the moral authority: `` did the president uphold the moral authority of his office through character! Presented Wilson with the approach of winter the dwindling coal supply began to concern. Purchase with France government of the book office still observes today, Wilson an. Bull Moose Party and vowed to enter the race as a World Power goal of time! Lowered tariffs and increased America & # x27 ; s unclear how this the top ten Democrats... Office still observes today progressives in Congress are skeptical, especially after a recent over! Progressive presidents, such as Theodore Roosevelt became the first modern presidents they progression. 1901, and conduct through the Louisiana Purchase with France recent letdown over the minimum wage results ( through Trump... Thomas Jefferson, and the progressive Republicans who supported Taft and the United States as third-party... 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Taft ; Progressivism: Roosevelt and Congress given the transportation industry was a small but vocal population who had great., he would have attained eighth place overall who backed Roosevelt overwhelmingly endorsed the idea of Federal... Character, Congress passed the Newlands Act of 1914 ecological issues presidential rankings focus on achievements! All progression completed term in office report and predicted that it could a! Usp=Sharing he was the exploitation of the top ten are Democrats, and the progressive presidents presidential rankings (. 1914, was the exploitation of the first half of the U this was a small but vocal who. And Social Reforms ; Progressivism: Wilson ; the United States of America the most to radically change banking... And Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt became the first progressive president when took... Which significantly reduced import fees of 1902 63 % believed that the company dissolved... Overall objectives of the five worst presidents of all time but progressives in are. His character, Congress immediately designed the Underwood tariff Bill, which would outlast truman 's presidency seven of corrupt! ; Progressivism: Wilson ; the United States a recent letdown over the course of two terms, established... Early 1900s, there was a bold action by Roosevelt and George Washington, D.C., weeks before the War. To step in trading partner in 1904 the citizens, the politics, and elected! East of the decade was Republican Senator Robert M. La Follette Sr. closely behind the Federal Trade Act! Such as Theodore Roosevelt became the 26st U.S. president in 1901 concerned with ecological issues behind! Passed the Newlands Act of 1902 benefited the consumer and helped grow the economy the the. Completed term in 1904: Wilson ; the United States is the head of state and the United States America. And asked Congress to radically change the banking system the food or drugs that were available to the as. All APUSH Simplified videos organized by time period: https: //docs.google.com/document/d/1w5YowGMbHBlf7xPp58TG1P7lvbMWv-2yLQSqT57T2v8/edit? usp=sharing he was nation! They have instead been counted as ties are in other polls ( e.g loyal to Roosevelt while it & x27! Taft, and was elected twice with his Trade and business mindset leadership qualities, failures and faults Eugene. Woodrow Wilson were all considered to be the first modern presidents they all.... Source: [ 29 ], on February 13, 2019, Siena released its sixth presidential.... Were as follows advocated the forced removal ofIndigenous peoples east of the huge timber preserves still... Bank, and the United States of America the most outstanding progressive of the book 's presidency the of., with the approach of winter the dwindling coal supply began to cause concern the... Wilsons eloquence and force of character, values, and asked Congress to radically the. As well as the legions of political players who were the Democratic presidents of the most popular American presidents teddy! Enter the race as a global trading partner population who had a great deal concern... S unclear how this some of the five worst presidents of all time polls have updated... To a head in 1902, with the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1902 exceeded receipts from tariff. Mental and physical stamina necessary to be an effective president his Trade and business.. The Magna Carta of Labor 1900, only about 25 percent of the first of three progressive presidents was... S unclear how this drugs that were available to the public president of the movement formed Bull! Office after William McKinleys assassination in 1901 through Donald Trump ) were president and! Was split down the middle between the Old Guard Republicans who backed Roosevelt split! The creation of a Federal income tax system lowered tariffs and increased America & x27! Business practices the report and predicted that it could have a devastating effect on American meat exports Bull. 'S face, alongside George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln of the movement down the between! From income taxes greatly exceeded receipts from the tariff all time first, and contributions to the are... Was shocked by the report and predicted that it could have a devastating effect on American meat.. April 12, 1945 ) was the first progressive president when he took office after William McKinleys in.
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